These verification cases test the performance of connector elements in eigenvalue buckling procedures. AXIAL, CARTESIAN, and CARDAN connections with elastic connector behavior are employed. Elastic connector behavior is defined with the connector elasticity procedure. Perturbation loads are applied via connector actuation using both the connector element load and available connector components of relative motion procedures. When the load is applied with available connector components of relative motion, the connector motion for the application of loads or the connector motion for the buckling modes can be defined. Results are verified by comparison with either analytical solutions or numerical results from equivalent models without connector elements.

Model:

The models consist of a series of 2-node connector elements that support and actuate a column. The column is modeled with beam elements.

These verification cases test the performance of connector elements in natural frequency extraction procedures. AXIAL, CARTESIAN, and CARDAN connections with elastic connector behavior are employed. Elastic connector behaviors are defined. Results are verified by comparison with either analytical solutions or numerical results from equivalent models without connector elements.

Model:

The models consist of a series of independent, 2-node connector elements that support and actuate a column. The column is modeled with beam elements.

These verification cases test the performance of connector elements in transient modal dynamic procedures. AXIAL, CARTESIAN, and CARDAN connections with elastic connector behavior are employed. Elastic connector behavior is defined. Results are verified by comparison with either analytical solutions or numerical results from equivalent models without connector elements.

Model:

The models consist of a series of 2-node connector elements supporting a column that is subjected to a dynamic load. The column is modeled with beam elements.

These verification cases test the performance of connector elements in steady-state dynamic analyses. Abaqus offers the direct-solution steady-state procedure and the modal based steady-state dynamic and subspace-based steady-state dynamic procedures. The connection types AXIAL, ROTATION, CARTESIAN, and CARDAN are tested in these procedures. Elastic and damping connector behaviors are defined for all connections. Results are verified by comparison with either analytical solutions or numerical results from equivalent models without connector elements.

Model:

The models consist of three connector elements with nodal masses. Two connector elements are connected in series and actuated by the third connector. Actuation is achieved by specifying the connector element loads of the relative motion of available components. Both the real and imaginary parts of the loading are specified.

These verification cases test the performance of connector elements in response spectrum analysis. Both AXIAL and CARTESIAN connections are employed. Elastic and damping connector behaviors are defined for the connections. Results are verified by comparison with either analytical solutions or numerical results from equivalent models without connector elements.

Model:

The models consist of three connector elements with nodal masses. The system is subjected to both a displacement and a velocity spectrum.

These verification cases test the performance of connector elements in random response analysis. AXIAL, ROTATION, CARTESIAN, and CARDAN connections are employed. Elastic and damping connector behaviors are defined for the connections. The system is exposed to a nondeterministic loading applied via the connector element load procedure. The cross-spectral density frequency function of the random loading is specified with the power spectral density definition. The case considered here is uncorrelated white noise. Results are verified by comparison with either analytical solutions or numerical results from equivalent models without connector elements.

Model:

The models consist of three connector elements with nodal masses. Two connector elements are connected in series and actuated by the third connector with a nondeterministic load.

These verification cases test the performance of lock, stop, plasticity, damage, and friction connector behaviors in perturbation analyses, defined with the connector lock, connector stop, connector plasticity, and connector hardening, connector damage initiation and connector damage evolution, and connector friction behaviors, respectively. These options are tested separately. Both AXIAL and CARDAN connections are employed.

Plastic relative motions do not change in linear perturbation procedures. Frictional slipping is not allowed during linear perturbation procedures; thus, all available components of relative motion with connector friction behavior should remain fixed and equal to the values from the base state. Similarly, the status of connector locks and stops cannot change during a linear perturbation analysis. The performance of lock, stop, plasticity, and friction connector behavior is tested in both the frequency and the direct-solution steady-state dynamic procedures. The behavior options are verified through a multistep load history. The perturbation steps are preceded by general static steps where a load is applied such that the corresponding prescribed limits for the locking, stopping, plasticity, damage initiation, or friction behavior are exceeded. For the lock and stop cases the load direction is reversed in a subsequent step to confirm the locking or stopping behavior.

Model:

The models consist of three connector elements with nodal masses. One of the connectors has the relevant lock, stop, plasticity, damage, or friction behaviors.