Product: Abaqus/Standard
This section provides a reference to the cylindrical surface elements available in Abaqus/Standard.
| Input File Usage: | Use the following option to define surface element properties: |
*SURFACE SECTION If rebar are being defined, use the following option in conjunction with the *SURFACE SECTION option: *REBAR LAYER Use the following option to define a mass density per unit area: *SURFACE SECTION, DENSITY=number |
Distributed loads are specified as described in “Distributed loads,” Section 34.4.3. Gravity, centrifugal, rotary acceleration, and Coriolis force loads apply only if the surface elements have rebar defined or if the elements have a defined density.
Load ID (*DLOAD): BX
Units: FL–3
Description: Body force in the global X-direction.
Load ID (*DLOAD): BY
Units: FL–2
Description: Body force in the global Y-direction.
Load ID (*DLOAD): BZ
Units: FL–2
Description: Body force in the global Z-direction.
Load ID (*DLOAD): BXNU
Units: FL–2
Description: Nonuniform body force in the global X-direction with magnitude supplied via user subroutine DLOAD.
Load ID (*DLOAD): BYNU
Units: FL–2
Description: Nonuniform body force in the global Y-direction with magnitude supplied via user subroutine DLOAD.
Load ID (*DLOAD): BZNU
Units: FL–2
Description: Nonuniform body force in the global Z-direction with magnitude supplied via user subroutine DLOAD.
Load ID (*DLOAD): CENT
Units: FL–3(ML–2 T–2)
Description: Centrifugal load (magnitude is input as 
, where 
is the mass density per unit area, 
is the angular speed).
Load ID (*DLOAD): CENTRIF
Units: T–2
Description: Centrifugal load (magnitude is input as 
, where is the angular speed).
Load ID (*DLOAD): CORIO
Units: FL–3T (ML–2 T–1)
Description: Coriolis force (magnitude is input as 
, where is the mass density per unit area, is the angular speed). The load stiffness due to Coriolis loading is not accounted for in direct steady-state dynamics analysis.
Load ID (*DLOAD): GRAV
Units: LT–2
Description: Gravity loading in a specified direction (magnitude is input as acceleration).
Load ID (*DLOAD): HP
Units: FL–2
Description: Hydrostatic pressure applied to the element reference surface and linear in global Z. The pressure is positive in the direction of the positive element normal.
Load ID (*DLOAD): P
Units: FL–2
Description: Pressure applied to the element reference surface. The pressure is positive in the direction of the positive element normal.
Load ID (*DLOAD): PNU
Units: FL–2
Description: Nonuniform pressure applied to the element reference surface with magnitude supplied via user subroutine DLOAD.
Load ID (*DLOAD): ROTA
Units: T–2
Description: Rotary acceleration load (magnitude is input as 
, where is the rotary acceleration).
Load ID (*DLOAD): TRSHR
Units: FL–2
Description: Shear traction on the element reference surface.
Load ID (*DLOAD): TRSHRNU(S)
Units: FL–2
Description: Nonuniform shear traction on the element reference surface with magnitude and direction supplied via user subroutine UTRACLOAD.
Load ID (*DLOAD): TRVEC
Units: FL–2
Description: General traction on the element reference surface.
Load ID (*DLOAD): TRVECNU(S)
Units: FL–2
Description: Nonuniform general traction on the element reference surface with magnitude and direction supplied via user subroutine UTRACLOAD.
Foundations are specified as described in “Element foundations,” Section 2.2.2.
Load ID (*FOUNDATION): F
Units: FL–2
Description: Elastic foundation.
Surface-based distributed loads are specified as described in “Distributed loads,” Section 34.4.3.
Load ID (*DSLOAD): HP
Units: FL–2
Description: Hydrostatic pressure on the element reference surface and linear in global Z. The pressure is positive in the direction opposite to the surface normal.
Load ID (*DSLOAD): P
Units: FL–2
Description: Pressure on the element reference surface. The pressure is positive in the direction opposite to the surface normal.
Load ID (*DSLOAD): PNU
Units: FL–2
Description: Nonuniform pressure on the element reference surface with magnitude supplied via user subroutine DLOAD. The pressure is positive in the direction opposite to the surface normal.
Load ID (*DSLOAD): TRSHR
Units: FL–2
Description: Shear traction on the element reference surface.
Load ID (*DSLOAD): TRSHRNU(S)
Units: FL–2
Description: Nonuniform shear traction on the element reference surface with magnitude and direction supplied via user subroutine UTRACLOAD.
Load ID (*DSLOAD): TRVEC
Units: FL–2
Description: General traction on the element reference surface.
Load ID (*DSLOAD): TRVECNU(S)
Units: FL–2
Description: Nonuniform general traction on the element reference surface with magnitude and direction supplied via user subroutine UTRACLOAD.
Surface-based incident wave loading is also available for these elements. See “Acoustic and shock loads,” Section 34.4.6.
Output is currently available only when the surface element is used to carry rebar layers. See “Defining reinforcement,” Section 2.2.3, for details.
